Peripheral arteries of the lower extremities CT angiography (CTA) is a non-invasive imaging method used to obtain detailed images of the arteries in the legs and pelvis. This technique utilizes computed tomography (CT) and a contrast medium to detect narrowing or blockages in the arteries, which may indicate peripheral artery diseases such as atherosclerosis or occlusive disease.
Procedure: During the CTA procedure, the patient lies on the CT scanner table. A contrast medium is injected into a vein to enhance the visibility of the arteries. The CT scanner then performs a series of scans, capturing high-resolution images of the arteries. The scanner rotates around the patient to collect detailed images, which are reconstructed into three-dimensional views.
Advantages: CT angiography is a painless procedure. The patient must remain still during the scan to ensure clear images, but the process is generally less invasive and traumatic compared to traditional angiography.
 
Components:
CT Scanner: Device that uses X-rays to capture detailed images of internal structures.
Contrast Medium: Substance injected into the bloodstream to improve vessel visualization.
Angiography: Imaging method that visualizes blood vessels using a contrast medium and specialized equipment.
 
Applications: Peripheral arteries CTA plays a crucial role in diagnosing conditions such as:
Atherosclerosis: Assessing the extent of arterial narrowing or blockage.
Intermittent Claudication: Diagnosing symptoms like pain or cramping in the legs during physical activity.
Aneurysms: Detecting abnormal dilations or other anomalies in the leg arteries.
Pre-Surgical Planning: Evaluating the arteries before planned surgical or endovascular procedures.
Post-Treatment Evaluation: Monitoring the condition of arteries following treatments like stenting or bypass surgery.
 
Preparation:
Diet: Fast for 4-6 hours before the procedure to prevent nausea and ensure better visualization.
Medical History: Inform the doctor about any allergies, kidney disease, diabetes, or other conditions that may affect the contrast medium's tolerance.
Pregnancy: Notify the medical staff if pregnant or potentially pregnant, as CT involves ionizing radiation.
Metallic Objects: Remove all metal items (jewelry, hairpins, etc.) to avoid artifacts on the images.
Claustrophobia: Consult with your doctor about the possibility of using sedatives if you are claustrophobic.
 
Procedure:
The patient is positioned on the CT scanner table.
A contrast medium is injected through an intravenous catheter to visualize the blood vessels.
The patient must lie still and follow the instructions of the medical staff during the scan.
The scanning process takes several minutes, and images of the lower extremity arteries are captured in various projections.